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Chemistry-IX
Chapter 1: Introduction to Chemistry (9 videos) (Practice Test)
1.1: What is Chemistry
- Chemistry
1.2: Landmarks in the History of Chemistry (Practice Test)
- History of Chemistry
1.3: Chemistry and Society (Practice Test)
- History of Chemistry
1.4: Branches of Chemistry (Practice Test)
- Physical Chemistry
- Organic and Inorganic Chemistry
- Analytical Chemistry and Biochemistry
- Industrial and Nuclear Chemistry
- Environmental Chemistry and Polymeric Chemistry
1.5: The Scientific Approach in Chemistry
- The Scientific Approach in Chemistry
Chapter 2: Chemical Combinations (37 videos) (Practice Test)
2.1: Law of Chemical Combinations (Practice Test)
- Introduction to Laws of Chemical Combinations
- Law of Conservation of Mass
- Law of Definite(Fixed) Proportion
- Law of Multiple Proportion
- Law of Reciprocal Proportion
- Relative atomic mass and Atomic mass unit
- Calculating the Average Atomic Mass
- Chemical Formula
- Empirical formula
- Empirical formula-covalent and ionic compound
- Molecular formula
- Molecular mass
- Formula mass
- Determining Molar Mass and Empirical Formula of Compounds
- Mole
- Avogadro’s Number
- Calculating Moles from Mass
- Calculating Mass from Moles
- Calculating Mass in Grams and Moles
- Mole-Mass Calculations
- Mole-Particle Calculations
- Calculating Mass in Grams of a Single Atom
- Calculating Number of Ions in the Compounds
- Calculating Number of Particles from Mass
- Calculating Mass and Moles of an Element from a Compound
2.4: Chemical Reaction or Chemical Change (Practice Test)
- Chemical Reactions or Chemical Change
- Decomposition Reactions
- Addition or Combination Reactions
- Single Displacement Reactions
- Double Displacement Reactions
- Combustion Reaction
- Chemical Equation and Writing of Chemical Equation
- Balancing of Chemical Equation
- Concept of Mole-Ratio Based on Balanced Chemical Equation
- Calculating the Amount of Reactant
- Calculating the Amount of Product
- Balancing the Equations and Identifying Types of Reaction
Chapter 3: Atomic Structure (21 videos) (Practice Test)
- Atoms – The Building Blocks of Matter
- Dalton’s Atomic Theory
- Representative particles
3.2: Discovery of Electrons (Practice Test)
- Discovery of Electron(Cathode rays)
- Properties of Cathode rays
- Discovery of Proton
- Properties of positive rays
- Discovery of Neutron
- Properties of Neutron
- Concept of Radioactivity
- Nature of Radioactivity
3.3: Rutherford Atomic Model (Practice Test)
- Rutherford’s Atomic Model
- Advantages and Defects in Rutherford’s Atomic Model
- Bohr’s Atomic Theory
3.4: Atomic Number (Z) and Mass Number (A) (Practice Test)
- Atomic Number and Mass Number
- Isotopes
- Uses of Isotopes
3.5: Electronic Configuration Based on Bohr’s Model (Practice Test)
- Electronic configuration
- More on Electronic configuration
- Give Name and Symbol for the Elements
- Electronic Configuration of Different Species
Chapter 4: Periodicity of Elements (19 videos) (Practice Test)
4.1: The Search for a Classification (Practice Test)
- Dobereiner’s Triads Classification
- Newland’s Octaves Law
- Lother Meyer’s Classification
- Mendeleev’s Periodic table
- Advantages of Mendeleev’s Periodic Table
- Defects in Mendeleeve’s Periodic Table
- Modern Periodic Table
- Introduction to Periodic Law And Periodic Table
- Periods in Modern Periodic Table
- Groups in Modern Periodic Table
- Metals, Non-Metals and Metalloids
4.2: Some Periodic Properties of Atoms (Practice Test)
- Atomic Size and Atomic Radius
- Trend of Atomic Size and Atomic Radius in Periodic Table
- Ionization Energy
- Trend of Ionization Energy in Periodic Table
- Electron Affinity
- Trend of Electron Affinity in Periodic Table
- Electronegativity
- Trend of Electronegativity in Periodic Table
Chapter 5: Chemical Bonding (25 videos) (Practice Test)
5.1: Introduction
- Chemical Bond
5.2: Formation of Chemical Bonds
- Why Do Atoms Form Chemical Bond?
5.3: Types of Chemical Bonds
- Why Do Atoms Form Chemical Bond?
5.4: Ionic Bond or Electrovalent Bond (Practice Test)
- Ionic Bond
- Properties of Ionic Compound
- Covalent Bond
- Types of Covalent Bonds
- Single Covalent Bond
- Double Covalent Bond
- Triple Covalent Bond
- Properties of Covalent Compound
- Electronegativity
- Non polar Covalent Bond
- Polar Covalent Bond
- Classify Bonds as Ionic or Covalent
- Drawing Lewis Dot and Cross Structures
5.6: Co-ordinate Covalent Bond or Dative Covalent Bond
- Dative Covalent Bond or Co-ordinate Covalent Bond
- Comparison Between Covalent and Co-ordinate Covalent Bond
- Metallic Bond
- Properties of Metals
5.8: Inter-Molecular Forces (Vander Waal’s Forces) (Practice Test)
- Types of Forces in Molecules
- Intermolecular Forces
- London Dispersion Forces
- Dipole-Dipole Interactions
- Hydrogen Bonding
Chapter 6: States of Matter (8 videos) (Practice Test)
6.1: Common States of Matter (Practice Test)
- Common States of Matter(solid, liq,gas,plasma)
- Kinetic Particle Theory
- Comparison of Physical States of Matter
- Intrconversion of Three States of Matter
- Conversion of Units
6.2: Diffusion in Gases and Liquids
- Diffusion and Effusion in Gases
- Diffusion in Liquids
6.3: Brownian Movement
- Brownian Movement
Chapter 7: Solution and Suspension (27 videos) (Practice Test)
- Introduction to Solutions
- Types of Solutions on the Basis of Physical States
7.2: Factors Affecting Solubility (Practice Test)
- The Effect of Temperature
- The Effect of Pressure
- Solubility and Nature of Solute
- Solubility and Nature of Solvent
7.3: Unsaturated, Saturated and Super Saturated Solutions
- Types of Solutions on the Basis of Concentration
- Crystallization
- Preparation of Crystals of Copper Sulphate
- Preparation of Crystals of Potassium Nitrate
- Purification of Solids by Crystallization
7.5: Strengths of a Solution (Practice Test)
- Concentration Units
- Molarity and Preparation of Molar Solution
- Molality
- Mole Fraction
- Percentage Mass/Mass
- Percentage Mass/Volume
- Percentage Volume/Mass
- Percentage Volume/Volume
- Determining Molarity from Percentage by Mass of Solution
- Calculating Molarity of a Solution
- Calculating Molality of a Solution
- Calculations of Dilution of Solution
- Calculation of Volume from Neutralisation Reactions
- Suspensions
- Difference Between Solutions and Suspensions
- Uses of Suspensions
Chapter 8: Electrochemistry (17 videos) (Practice Test)
8.1: Electrolytes and Non-Electrolytes
- Introduction to Electrochemistry
- Concepts of Electrolytes
8.2: Electrolysis or Electrolytic Conduction (Practice Test)
- Introduction to Electrolysis
- Electrolysis of Sodium Chloride
- Electrolysis of Water
8.3: Faraday’s Laws of Electrolysis (Practice Test)
- Faraday’s First Law of Electrolysis
- Faraday’s Second Law of Electrolysis
- Calculating Amount of Silver Deposited
- Calculations of Electrolysis of Molten NaCl
8.4: Uses of Electrolysis (Practice Test)
- Uses of Electrolysis
- Electroplating
- Nickel Plating
- Chrome Plating
8.5: Electrochemical Cells (Practice Test)
- Galvanic Cell and its construction
- Working of the Cell
- Dry Cell
- Lead-Storage Battery
Chapter 9: Acids, Bases and Salts (45 videos) (Practice Test)
9.1: Acids and Bases
- Introduction to Acids and Bases
9.2: Properties of Acids and Bases (Practice Test)
- General Properties of Acids
- General Properties of Bases
- Arrhenius Concept of Acids
- Arrhenius Concept of Bases
- Bronstead-Lowry Concept of Acids
- Bronstead-Lowry Concept of Bases
- Limitations of Bronsted-Lowry Concept
- Lewis Concept of Acids
- Lewis Concept of Bases
- Neutralization Reaction
- Mono and Poly Acids
- Mono and Poly Bases
- Identifying Bronsted Acids and Bases from the Reactions
- Identifying Lewis Acids and Bases from the Reactions
- Identifying Weak or Strong Acids or Bases
9.3: Dissociation of Acids and Bases (Practice Test)
- Dissociation of Acids
- Dissociation of Bases
- Introduction to Salts
- Types of salts,Normal or Neutral Salts
- Acidic Salts
- Basic Salts
- Double Salts
- Solvay Process of sodium carbonate
- Uses of Sodium Carbonate
- Preparation of Baking soda
- Uses of Sodium Bicarbonates
- Preparation of Copper sulphate
- Uses of Copper Sulphate
- Preparation of Magnesium sulphate
- Uses of Magnesium Sulphate
- Preparation of Potash Alum
- Uses of Potash Alum
9.5: Dissociation of Water (Practice Test)
- Dissociation of Water
- The Ion Product of Water
- Concept of pH Scale
- Measuring of pH by Universal Indicator
- Uses of pH
- Calculating pH
- Calculating pOH
9.6: Acid-Base Titration (Practice Test)
- Molarity and Preparation of Molar Solution
- Standard Solution
- Process of Titration
- Acid-Base Titration
- Indicators
Chapter 10: Chemical Energetics (8 videos) (Practice Test)
10.1: Exothermic and Endothermic Reactions (Practice Test)
- Exothermic Reactions
- Using Exothermic Reactions to Warm Food
- Endothermic Reactions
- Examples of Endothermic Reactions
10.2: Heat Contents of Reaction (Practice Test)
- Heat Contents of Reaction
- Enthalpy Change of Different Reactions
10.3: Measurement of Heat of Reaction (Practice Test)
- Heat of Neutralisation
- More on Heat of Neutralisation
Chapter 11: Hydrogen and Water (40 videos) (Practice Test)
- Occurrence of Hydrogen
- Preparation of Hydrogen by Steam-Coke Process
- Preparation of Hydrogen From Natural Gas
- Preparation of Hydrogen by Thermal Decomposition
- Preparation of Hydrogen by Electrolysis
- Physical Properties of Hydrogen
- Decomposition of Molecular Hydrogen
- Hydrogen as a Reducing Agent
- Hydrogenation Reactions
- Reaction of Hydrogen with Metals
- Reaction of Hydrogen with Non-Metals
- Uses of Hydrogen
- Nascent Hydrogen
- Isotopes of Hydrogen
- Introduction to Water
- Anamolous Behaviour of Water
- More on Anamolous Behaviour of Water
- Chemical Reaction of Water with Metals
- Chemical Reaction of Water with Less Electropositive Metals
- Chemical Reaction of Water with Non Metals
- Chemical Reaction of Water with Calcium Oxide
- Chemical Reaction of Water with Nitrous Oxide
11.3: Water as a Universal Solvent (Practice Test)
- Water as Universal Solvent
- Water of Crystallization
11.4: Soft, Hard Water and Heavy Water (Practice Test)
- Soft, Hard and Heavy Water
- Causes of Hardness
- Temporary Hardness
- Permanent Hardness
- Removal of Temporary Hardness By Heating
- Removal of Temporary Hardness By Clarks Method
- Removal of Permanent Hardness by Washing Soda
- Removal of Permanent Hardness By Caustic Soda
- Removal of Permanent Hardness by Using Zeolite
- Heavy Water and its Uses
11.5: Hygroscopic Substances
- Hygroscopic Substances
- Water pollutents,Oxygen-Demanding Or Industrial Effluents
- Water Pollutants – Synthetic Organic Compounds
- Disease-Causing Wastes(Domestic Effluents)
- Agricultural Water Pollutants
- Qualities of Drinking Water
Chapter 12: Carbon, Silicon and their Compounds (33 videos) (Practice Test)
- Occurrence of Carbon
- More on Occurrence of Carbon
12.2: Allotropy and Allotropic Forms of Carbon (Practice Test)
- Allotropy and Allotropic Forms of Carbon
- Diamond
- Graphite
- Bucky Balls
- Structure of Diamond
- Structure of Graphite
- Amorphous Forms of Carbon, Coal
- Coke
- Charcoal
12.3: Properties of Carbon (Practice Test)
- Physical Properties of Carbon
- Combustion Reaction of Carbon
- Combination Reaction of Carbon
- Carbon as Reducing Agent
- Reaction of Carbon with Strong Oxidizing Agents
- Catenation
- Uses of Carbon
- Introduction to Silicon
- Occurrence of Silicon
- More on Occurrence of Silicon
- By Heating Mixture of Pure Dry Sand
- By the Vapours of Silicon Tetrachloride
- By Heating Silica
- Properties of Silicon
- Uses of Silicon
- Preparation of Silica
- Properties of Silica
- Uses of Silica
- Water Glass Preparation
- Uses of Water Glass
- Chemical Garden
- Silica Jel
Chapter 13: Nitrogen and Oxygen (59 videos) (Practice Test)
13.1: Preparation of Nitrogen and Oxygen (Practice Test)
- Occurrence of Nitrogen
- Occurrence of Oxygen
- Preparation of Nitrogen from Air
- Fractional Distillation of Liquid Air
- Preparation of Nitrogen in Laboratory
- Physical Properties of Nitrogen
- Chemical Reaction of Nitrogen with Hydrogen
- Chemical Reaction of Nitrogen with Oxygen
- Chemical Reaction of Nitrogen With Magnesium
- Isolation of Oxygen From Air
- Preparation of Oxygen in Laboratoray
- Physical Properties of Oxygen
- Normal Oxides
- Basic Oxides
- Acidic Oxides
- Amphoteric Oxides
- Neutral Oxides
- Identifying Oxides as Acidic, Basic, Amphoteric or Neutral
- Peroxides
- Superoxides
- Suboxides
- Preparation of Hydrogen Peroxide in Laboratory
- Preparation of Hydrogen Peroxide in Industry
- Physical Properties of Hydrogen Peroxide
- Chemical Properties of Hydrogen Peroxide
- Hydrogen Peroxide as Oxidizing Agent
- Hydrogen Peroxide as Reducing Agent
- Uses of Hydrogen Peroxide
13.3: Oxidation and Reduction (Practice Test)
- Oxidation and Reduction in Terms of Loss and Gain of Oxygen
- Oxidation and Reduction in Terms of Loss and Gain of Hydrogen
- Oxidation and Reduction in Terms of Loss and Gain of Electron
- Oxidizing and Reducing Agents
- Occurrence of Ozone
- Preparation of Ozone
- Physical Properties of Ozone
- Chemical Properties of Ozone
- Uses of Ozone
13.5: Compounds of Nitrogen (Ammonia and Nitric Acid) (Practice Test)
- Preparation of Ammonia in Laboratory
- The Haber’s Process
- Physical Properties of Ammonia
- Reaction of Ammonia with Water
- Reaction of Ammonia with Oxygen
- Reaction of Ammonia with Acids
- Reaction of Ammonia with Chlorine
- Ammonia as Reducing Agent
- Reaction of Ammonia with Carbon Dioxide
- Uses of Ammonia
- Introduction to Nitric Acid
- Preparation of Nitric Acid in Laboratory
- Preparation of Nitric Acid in Industry
- Physical Properties of Nitric Acid
- Nitric Acid as an Acid
- Nitric Acid as Oxidizing Agent
- Reaction of Nitric Acid with Non-Metals
- Reaction of Nitric Acid with Metals
- Reaction of Nitric Acid With Some Reducing Agents
- Nitration Reaction
- Formation of Aqua Regia
- Uses of Nitric Acids
Chapter 14: Sulphur and its Compounds (22 videos) (Practice Test)
14.1: Sulphur and its Allotropic Forms (Practice Test)
- Introduction to Sulphur
- Rhombic Sulphur
- Preparation of Monoclinic Sulphur
- Monoclinic Sulphur
- Preparation of Rhombic Sulphur
- Plastic Sulphur
14.2: Occurrence and Extraction of Sulphur (Practice Test)
- Occurrence of Sulphur
- Extraction of Sulphur
14.3: Properties of Sulphur (Practice Test)
- Physical Properties of Sulphur
- Reaction of Sulphur with Metals
- Reaction of Sulphur with Non-Metals
- More on Reaction of Sulphur with Non-Metals
- Reaction of Sulphur with Acids
- Uses of Sulphur
- Preparation of Sulphuric Acid through Contact Process
- Physical Properties of Sulphuric Acid
- Sulphuric Acid as an Acid
- Oxidation of Metals with Sulphuric Acid
- Oxidation of Non-Metals with Sulphuric Acid
- Oxidation of Other Compounds
- Sulphuric Acid as Drying Agent
- Uses of Sulphuric Acid
Chapter 15: Halogens (39 videos) (Practice Test)
- Introduction to the Halogens
- Occurrence of Halogens
- Importance of Halogens in Daily Life
- Preparation of Chlorine in Laboratory
- Preparation of Chlorine From Nelson’s Cell
- Preparation of Chlorine From Castner-Kellner’s Cell
- Physical Properties of Chlorine
- Reaction of Chlorine with Hydrogen
- Reaction of Chlorine with Metals
- Reaction of Chlorine with Non-Metals
- Addition Reactions of Chlorine
- Substitution Reactions of Chlorine
- Oxidation and Bleaching Action of Chlorine
- Reactions of Chlorine with Alkalies
- Reactions of Chlorine with Ammonia
- Reactions of Chlorine with Lime Water
- Uses of Chlorine
15.3: Compounds of Chlorine (Practice Test)
- Hydrochloric Acid
- Preparation of Hydrochloric Acid in Laboratory
- Preparation of Hydrochloric Acid in Industry
- Physical Properties of Hydrochloric Acid
- Reaction of Hydrochloric Acid with Water
- Reaction of Hydrochloric Acid with Alkalies
- Reaction of Hydrochloric Acid with Ammonia
- Reaction of Hydrochloric Acid with Less Electropositive Metals
- Reaction of Hydrochloric Acid with Metal Carbonates
- Reaction of Hydrochloric Acid with Metal Bicarbonates
- Reaction of Hydrochloric Acid with Nitrates
- Uses of Hydrochloric Acid
- Bleaching Powder
- Preparation of Bleaching Powder in Laboratory
- Preparation of Bleaching Powder in Industry
- Physical Properties of Bleaching Powder
- Reaction of Bleaching Powder with Water
- Reaction of Bleaching Powder with Strong Acids
- Reaction of Bleaching Powder with Carbon Dioxide
- Reaction of Bleaching Powder with Ammonia
- Uses of Bleaching Powder
15.4: Tests for Halide Ions (Silver Nitrate Test)
- Test for Halide Ions
Chapter 16: Metals and Their Extraction (35 videos) (Practice Test)
16.1: Metals and Non-Metals (Practice Test)
- Physical differences between Metals and Non-Metals
- Chemical differences between Metals and Non-Metals
- Reaction of Metals with Acids
- Metals as Reducing Agents
- Nature of Metallic Chlorides
- Nature of Metallic Hydrides
- Minning of Minerals
- Occurrence of Iron
- Occurrence of Copper
- Occurrence of Aluminium
- Occurrence of Chromium
- Concentration of Ore
- Roasting
- Smelting
- Bassemerization Or Reduction
- Refining
16.4: Metullurgy of Iron (Practice Test)
- Metallurgy of Iron
- More on Metallurgy of Iron
- Pig Iron
- Cast Iron
- Wrought Iron
- Steel Iron
- Difference Between Iron and Steel
- Metallurgy of Copper
- Roasting
- Smelting
- Bassemerization Or Reduction
- Refining
- Metallurgy of Aluminium
- Purification of Bauxite
- Electrolysis of Pure Alumina
- Intoduction to Alloys
- Bronze
- Brass
- Nichrome
Chapter 17: Organic Chemistry (47 videos) (Practice Test)
- Vital Force Theory
- Concept of Organic Chemistry
17.2: Natural Sources of Organic Compounds (Practice Test)
- Sources of Organic Compounds
- Coal and Its Types
- Natural Gas
- Petroleum
- Fractional Distillation of petroleum and its Importance
- Reforming of Petroleum
- Cracking of Petroleum
- Homologus Series
- Isomerism
- Functional Groups,Alcohlic Group
- Carboxylic Group
- Halo Group
- Saturated Hydrocarbons
- Unsaturated Hydrocarbons
- Classification of Organic Compound
- Types of Acylic Compounds
- Types of Cylic Compounds
- Alkanes
- Alkenes
- Alkynes
- Naming of Alkane
17.5: Preparation and Properties of Methane (Practice Test)
- Preparation of Methane
- Physical properties of Alkanes
- Halogenations of Alkanes
- Combustion of Alkanes
- Uses of Methane and Ethane
17.6: Preparation and Properties of Ethene (Ethylene) (Practice Test)
- Preparation of Alkene
- Physical properties of Alkenes
- Hydrogenation of Alkenes
- Halogenations of Alkenes
- Hydrohalogenation of Alkenes
- Combustion and Polymerisation of Ethene
- Uses of Alkene
17.7: Preparation and Properties of Ethyne (Acetylene) (Practice Test)
- Preparation of Ethyne
- Physical properties of Alkynes
- Effect of Temperature on Vapour Pressure
- Addition Reaction of Halogens
- Hydrohalogenation of Ethyne
- Combustion of Ethyne
- Oxidation of Ethyne
- Uses of Acetylene
- Identifying Organic Compounds
- Convert Propyne to Propane
- Convert Ethanol to Ethyl Bromide
- Organic Reactions Completion
Chapter 18: Chemical Industries (45 videos) (Practice Test)
- Introduction to Chemical Industries
- Industrial Preparation of Sodium Hydroxide
- Physical Properties of Sodium Hydroxide
- Reaction of Sodium Hydroxide with Acids
- Reaction of Sodium Hydroxide with Ammonium Chloride
- Reaction of Sodium Hydroxide with Carbon Dioxide
- Reactions of Chlorine with Alkalies
- Reaction of Sodium Hydroxide with Metals
- Uses of Sodium Hydroxide
18.2: Preparation of Carbonate and Bi-Carbonate of Sodium (Practice Test)
- Solvay Process of sodium carbonate
- Physical Properties of Sodium Bicarbonates
- Action of heat on Sodium Bicarbonates
- Reaction of Sodium Bicarbonates with Acids
- Uses of Sodium Bicarbonates
- Physical Properties of Sodium Carbonates
- Reaction of Sodium Carbonate with Acids
- Reaction of Sodium Carbonate with Non-Alkali Metal Salts
- Reaction of Sodium Carbonate with Carbon Dioxide
- Reaction of Sodium Carbonate with Sand
- Uses of Sodium Carbonate
- Preparation of Hydrous Sodium Carbonate
- Saponification
- Types of Soap
- Function of Soaps
- Composition of Detergents
- Function of Detergents
- Sources and Usage of Plastics
- Thermoplastics
- Thermosetting Plastics
- Structure of some Plastics
18.5: Paints
- Composition of Oil Paints
- Composition of Water Paints
18.6: Varnishes
- Composition of Varnishes
- Application of Varnishes
- Contituents of Various Polishes
- Preparation of Shoe Polish
- Introduction to Ink
- Types of Ink
- More on Types of Ink
- Preparation of Blue Black Ink
- Preparation of Royal Blue Ink
18.9: Food Preservation
- Introduction to Food Preservation
- Causes of Food Spoilage
18.10: Food Preservation Methods
- Methods of Food Preservation
- More on Methods of Food Preservation